This research proposal consists in the development of an innovative and efficient methodology for the elaboration of hybrid multilayers from inorganic nanoparticles and chargeless macromolecular architectures covalently and sequentially assembled, both in 3D (i.e. in solution) and in 2D (onto surfaces). This project involves mainly the use of different covalent grafting and coupling techniques (clickchemistry, nitrènes, surface-ATRP, diazonium salts...) to link together the different components. Compared to the other methods recently developed to create such architectures, involving essentially electrostatic interactions, our system will permit to increase the possibilities regarding the chemical nature of the components, together with a higher stability of the overall architecture, towards external conditions (pH, solvents, temperature?). These architectures will be studied in details using all the techniques available at SPCSI (ellipsometry, TGA, XPS...) and more generally inside the department IRAMIS (light scattering and neutron reflectivity..). This project is based on the collaboration and experiences of the partners involved: the IRAMIS department at CEA, for the synthesis and the functionalization of the inorganic nano-objects, and the grafting of polymers onto surfaces, and the IMP Laboratory from the University of Lyon 1, for the ?click chemistry? and general macromolecular synthesis.